Looking forwards and backwards...

"Forwards and Backwards" Encryption

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Living forwards, understanding backwards.

Looking forwards or looking backwards in avian phylogeography? A comment on Zink and Barrowclough 2008.

In a recent review, Zink & Barrowclough (2008, hereafter ZB08) addressed the question of whether mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was sufficient to describe the phylogeographic history of avian species. They offered a number of conclusions, most of which were variants of the central tenet that mtDNA is sufficient to describe the broad picture of avian phylogeographies. Specifically, they concluded tha...

Subspace domain forwards-backwards averaging

In this paper a procedure which filters out roughly half of the array manifold errors for approximately centro-symmetric arrays is described. The procedure-subspace domain forwards-backwards (f/b) averaging-improves the performance of subspace based direction finding (DF) algorithms such as MUSIC and ESPRIT. Experimental data from the Mountaintop system are used to confirm the theoretical results.

Understanding Dorsoventral Topography Backwards and Forwards

Retinal axons project to their central targets along two orthogonal topographic axes, anterior-posterior (A-P) and dorsal-ventral (D-V). While ephrin-A/EphA signaling determines A-P topography, little has been known about the molecular mechanisms guiding axons along the D-V axis. Two papers by Mann et al. and Hindges et al. in this issue of Neuron provide evidence for both forward and reverse e...